SAN FRANCISCO - When makes his latest foray into Silicon Valley on Monday, he will face a technology industry more engaged than ever in the wheeling and dealing of Washington, and much more forthcoming with its political contributions - including, generously, to his rival, .
The two candidates, and their parties, have raised more money from technology executives and investors than the candidates and parties did in 2008. Altogether, Mr. Obama and Mr. Romney have campaigned here numerous times in the last year. And as the stakes for the industry have grown higher in Washington, both candidates have at least acknowledged some of its policy priorities, like overhaul and lowering the corporate tax rate.
But although Mr. Obama is widely seen as a friend of the tech industry - and, with his party, has taken in far more contributions - the excitement associated with his campaign four years ago has diminished here, as it has elsewhere. Mr. Romney and the Republicans have made clear inroads.
By the end of August, Mr. Romney raised $2.04 million, compared with the $1.7 million that John McCain raised over his entire 2008 campaign. He has also tapped the pocketbooks of a few former Obama donors. One is Marc Andreessen, a prominent venture capitalist and Facebook investor who supported Mr. Romney's failed primary bid in 2007, but went on to back Mr. Obama in 2008 with a $4,600 contribution. This year, he put in more than $100,000 for Mr. Romney.
Mr. Andreessen's office declined to comment for this article, but he, like other tech industry executives, have said they find Mr. Romney's business background appealing. Others say they are disappointed that the industry's wish list in Washington remains unfulfilled, pointing, for example, to the unsuccessful effort to raise visa caps for immigrants with math and science degrees.
“This was a man who was elected in 2008 because he understood the power of the Internet,†said Mark Heesen, the president of the National Venture Capital Association, an industry group. “However, as much as the administration has loved the technology innovation agenda, they kind of walk away when you say you have to finance this innovation.â€
Robert Nelsen, the managing director of Arch Ventures, based in Seattle, was on Mr. Obama's national finance committee in 2008. He went to Grant Park in Chicago for the president's victory party. This year, he contributed to the Romney campaign. He called it a protest vote.
“There needs to be some reaffirmation through words and deeds that engines of innovation are valued,†he said. “I feel like I need to send a message that everything is not O.K.â€
The Republicans have been surprisingly adept at fund-raising from the technology industry. According to the Center for Responsive Politics, which tracks campaign finance, Mr. Romney, his party and associated Ҡhave raised $8.9 million, compared with $13 million raised by Mr. Obama and his party. Those figures include donations from venture capitalists, though the center says it is impossible to separate who among them invests principally in technology. The overall amount is considerably more than in 2008, partly because of the emergence of the super PACs.
Within that larger pie, the Democrats are winning the battle for individual donors. Mr. Obama raised $5 million from people in the industry, compared with Mr. Romney's $2 million.
But the Republicans have been particularly successful at tapping Silicon Valley billionaires for related super PACs. Among them are Meg Whitman, chief executive of Hewlett-Packard and a former Republican candidate for governor; Howard Cox, advisory partner at the venture capital firm Greylock Partners; and Peter Thiel, another early Facebook investor, who this year gave more than $4 million to conservative super PACs, including to those that backed the failed primary bid of Ron Paul.
Still, taken together, the Democratic National Committee and the Obama campaign are clearly in the lead when it comes to tech donors. And there are lifelong Republicans here who find Mr. Romney unpalatable either because, in their view, he is socially conservative or because he is too closely aligned with sectors that the industry distances itself from.
“Obama will push the Silicon Valley agenda on immigration, renewables, technology and fairness with China in trade,†said Vinod Khosla, a venture capitalist who invests in renewable energy and says he is a registered Republican. “Romney is pushing the oil and gas industry agenda.â€
To mine that support, the Obama campaign has corralled entrepreneurs and executives under an umbrella organization called Tech4Obama, or T4O, bringing them together in small groups to meet with the president and open their wallets. Executives including Marc Benioff of Salesforce and Sheryl Sandberg of Facebook have held five-figure fund-raising dinners in their homes.
